Stepper motors come in two varieties: permanent magnet and variable reluctance. (The reader may be familiar with hybrid motors, which are indistinguishable from permanent magnet motors from the controller’s point of view.) Permanent magnet motors usually have two independent windings, with or without center taps. Center-tapped windings are used in uni polar permanent magnet motors. [...]
proximity+alarm+circuit+schematic
Low-cost RS-232C multiplexer serves as multiport adapter Multiport RS-232C PC add-on boards are advised for accelerated multichannel communication. Therefore, anniversary consecutive anchorage has its own manual controller. If your appliance doesn’t charge interrupt-driven service, and polling the accessories through RS-232C channels one afterwards addition is sufficient, again you can use a distinct ambassador with switched [...]
This simple circuit can be used as an aid for sensing the distance between the rear bumper of the car and any obstacle behind the car. The distance can be understood from the combination of the LEDs (D5 to D7) glowing. At 25cm D7 will glow, at 20 cm D7&D6 will glow and at 5cm [...]
It’s a simple metal detector design that has the quite good characteristics. the principle of operation which one differs from the classic schemes (BFO, transmit-receive known as “two-boxes” metal detector, inductive). The dynamic mode is used to find targets in interference environment. There is known from theory of signal filtration that if signal shape is [...]
A photo of the Revision-A preamp is shown below. You’ll see that there are two dual opamps, but the schematic only shows one. This is the main part of the Rev-A update – the output section now has gain (which is easily selected), and a better buffered low output impedance. The remainder of the circuit [...]
